The Splendid Chalukyan Era Temples of Pattadakal

Mallikarjuna & Kashi Vishwanatha Temples

Group of Chalukyan era temples at Pattadakal, Karnataka. Built between 6th and 7th century. These ancient temples can be described as a wonderful laboratory experiment of various different Hindu styles of architecture. From Dravida to Nagara styles & various other styles. The result is a stunning group of temples like none other.



One of the 1st temples than you encounter as u make your way through this huge ancient temple complex is this Jambulinga Temple. This is the front & side facing side of the temple. Built in Nagara style, it features a splendid carving of Shiva,Parvathi & Nandi.
Jambulinga Temple
Side view of Jambulinga Temple



There is also a Nandi facing the temple, as seen in the picture its in a very weathered condition. Garbagudi houses a lingam
Front view of Jambulinga Temple


This next temple just adjacent to the Jambulinga temple is the slightly bigger in size Galaganatha Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva again. It does have some structural damage. This is the rear side of the temple(where people are sat). In the foreground is the Jambulinga temple.
Galaganatha Temple
Jambulinga, Galaganatha & Sangameswara Temples


The very next temple is the Sangameswara Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. This temple is completely different architecturally from the rest.Built in south Indian Dravida style in the late 6th century. 3 temples of Jambulinga, Galaganatha & Sangameswara all in one shot.There are plenty of smaller shrines. This is the ruins in front of the Sangameshwara temple, all the Nandis beheaded by islamic invaders.

Sangameshwara temple
Jambulinga, Galaganatha & Sangameswara Temples



Most prominent of all the temples at Pattadakal is the Virupaksha temple. It was built by queen Trilokyamahadevi in the mid 7th century.

The Virupaksha temple served as a blueprint for the Rashtrakutas, who'd later go on to build the Kailasa rock temple at Ellora, Maharashtra.The Virupaksha temple itself is an exact replica of the Pallava era Kailasanathar temple at Kanchipuram in Tamil nadu, albeit not in size.

Infact the Virupaksha temple was build to commemorate the Chalukyan victory over Pallavas & the victors chose Kanchi temple as inspiration.

A winner(chalukya) building a temple in their kingdom inspired by the architecture of their rivals(pallava). That's Hinduism in a nutshell.
Virupaksha temple
Vimana of Virupaksha temple


Some of the intricate carvings inside the Virupaksha temple. Excuse me for the poor quality, the lightning wasn't good inside. Depicts Lord Shiva,Parvathi & Ganesha being attended to by the Ganas (Lord Shiva's army)
Shiva,Parvathi & Ganesha




This is the Nandi opposite the Virupaksha temple. Its relatively new, there is a very old one, badly damaged just behind this.
Nandi


Two more prominent temples here are the Mallikarjuna and the Kashi Vishwanatha temples built in Dravida & Nagara style respectively.
Mallikarjuna and the Kashi Vishwanatha temples 




Most of the lingams in garbhagriha destroyed by islamic barbarians have been replaced with new ones, but a few do remain, here's one. Painful.
Lingam destroyed by islamic invaders


Keep saying the only thing that unites us all are our temples, beautiful example of it. We were always one people, bound by our temples
View of Sangameshwara & Galaganatha Temple from Virupaksha Temple





Entire temple complex in one shot. Pattadakal showcases the best of ancient Hindu India's architectural prowess.
Pattadakal Temple Complex


Food for thought. This is the Kashi Vishwanatha temple at pattadakal, was built when the original one at Varanasi was still standing..An inspired scaled down version itself looks so exquisite...one can only imagine how grand the original one at Varanasi must've been...What a tragedy that replicas of the greatest of hindu temple stand,while the original at Kashi still continues to be under islamic occupation..
Kashi Vishwanatha Temple

A Detailed Post On The Airavateswara Temple At Darasuram, TN.

Vimana seen from north-west

A post on the 800+ year old Airavateswara Temple at Darasuram, near Kumbakonam, TN. This temple dedicated to Lord Shiva was built by Rajaraja Chola II, the great grandson of the mighty emperor Kulottunga Chola. This temple is the most ornate of the 3 great living Chola temples.


Vimana from north-east

Elephant & horse chariot

North Entrance



Temple gets its name from Lord Indra's Vahana, Airavata. The Sthalapurana of this place mentions that Airavata was once cursed by Durvasa muni for disrespecting him,which resulted in Airavata getting a skin discoloration,which is cured after he takes a bath at the Pushkarani here.

East Gopuram





Below is the Dwajasthambam facing the Garbhagudi, which houses a large magnificent Shiva Lingam. The mantapam seen in the background is on a elevated level. The steps leading up to the mantapam are filled with exquisite carvings of elephants & horse chariots & so are the pillars.
Dwajasthambam


The Elephant & Horse Ratha carving on the steps leading up the the elevated Mantapam. Like most Chola temples of the area, this too has been a victim of islamic iconoclasm. Many sculptures have suffered heavy damage as a result of islamic invasions.

Horse & Elephant chariot

Horse Chariot



I'll take you through some of the murthis on the outer walls of the temple. Seen here is the Lingodbhavamurthy. The other two figurines encircled in red are Brahma in the form of a swan & Maha Vishnu in his Varaha avatar. The story behind his manifestation of Shiva is fascinating

Lingodbhavamurthy

Brahma & Vishnu encircled in red

The Keladi Rameshwara Temple. A Temple With a Glorious Legacy.

Keladi Rameshwara Temple

This is one chapter of history our nehruvian marxist historians willfully omitted from our history books. Its a story of a fearless queen who fought against all odds & won to protect the progeny of one of the greatest emperor of Bharat, Chhatrapati Shivaji.



This is the entrance to the Rameshwara temple.The temple has tremendous history behind it. Including Chhatrapati Shivaji. It looks very unassuming until you walk through its door, what you'll see and hear next will make you proud of our hindu heritage & valour.
This is perhaps the only known kingdom & temple to have successfully repealed Aurangzeb at his very peak. The battle was led by a Queen.
Entrance

Panaromic view

View from the Temple side


More on the temple first, it was built in the 16th century by the nayakas of Keladi after the disintegration of the Vijayanagara empire. The temple has shrines dedicated to Rameshwara, Veerabhadreswara & Parvathi.
Veerabhadra temple

rear side of the temple


This is the dwajasthambam opposite the garbhagriha, on to it are carved various deities, but two carvings at the very bottom stand out. Carvings that of the Keladi Chennama, the queen who handed barbarian aurangazeb a bloody nose & a proper defeat. Did your history books mention it? Carving beside that of Rani Chennama is that of Rajaram Chhatrapati, son of none other than Shivaji Maharaj, who aurangazeb was hunting for.
dwajastambam

Ganesha

Rani Chennamma with Maratha prince Rajaram



Jihadi marauder aurangazeb after getting a whiff of the presence of Shivaji's son Rajaram in Keladi attacked the kingdom ferociously.Rani Chennama simply refused to surrender & fought on to protect Shivaji's son & won. Keladi would remain independent for more than 150 years.
Keladi Chennama



The Rameshwara temple at Keladi is home to the carvings of Shivaji Maharaj himself. Both the Marathas & the Nayakas had tremendous rapport.Identical carvings of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj can be seen at the temple.

Shivaji Maharaj Riding horse



The Gandaberunda carved onto the ceiling of the Keladi temple, the magical bird is also the official emblem of present day Karnataka.
Gandaberunda


Carvings of Sarpas(snakes) & Navagrahas on the ceiling.
Ceiling carvings

Ceiling snake carvings

Navagraha ceiling carvings


The famed Yali pillar, which is part lion, part horse & part elephant.

Yali Pillar



The Rameshwara temple is one of the few temples that features the carvings of sage Bhringi, the great sage & bhaktha of Shiva who is cursed by Parvathi. The Rameshwara temple is one of the few temples that features Bhringi, the great sage & bhaktha of Shiva who is cursed by Parvathi. Cursed for the fact that he recognized only Shiva & not Shakti, but later realizes that there is no Shiva without Shakti vice versa. For that he is given a 3rd leg to support himself. This sculpture of Bhringi is unique to the Keladi Rameshwara temple.

Bringi Rishi


Carving of a parrot feeding its little one.



The Keladi Nayakas had established diplomatic ties with China, carving of a Chinese traveler praying to Shiva. Notice the pattai-vibuthi.
Chinese traveler


Suvarnamatsya, the mermaid who attempts to ruin Lord Hanuman's journey to Lanka carved onto the walls. Very unique to the temple.
Suvarnamatsya


Carving describing the thala prastaram, 0 & 1 corresponding to laghu & drutham. Its basically a beat pattern used in Carnatic music.
Thala prastaram


Carving of a Keladi royal with his attendant by his side. Also seen to the left is his Senapati. 
Pillar carving



The magnificent brahmakamalam in all its glory carved onto the ceiling. Can it get any more precise & intricate?
Brahmakamalam


All possible gopuram/vimana/shikhara types carved onto the interior walls. Each one is different from the rest, takes up a good portion of 3 walls.


Vimana/gopura carvings


Dwajasthambam & Veerabhadreswara temple


A secret passage from the Veerabhadreswara temple. The secret passage would lead to the outer prakaram & exit.
Secret passage

Passage



A panel consisting of the carvings of the sapthamatrikas that of bramhi, maheswari, kaumari, vaishnavi, varahi, narasimhi & chamundi followed by Ganesha along the passage.
Saptamaatikas



All kinds of animal hybrids carved onto the secret passage way. There's a camel as well!
Animal carvings


Solar eclipse carved along the same passageway ! Rahu the serpent onto Surya
Solar eclipse



The temple served as a military base as well, weapons were stored here. From this very place that Rani Chennama led her attack on aurangazeb.

Weapons storage area



The wooden ceiling on the Parvathi temple, every flower petal is unique. None the same. Various musical instruments too are carved on the wooden ceiling, including a violin! The wood used here is type of a sandalwood. Highly valued.


Various musical instruments carved onto the wooden ceiling

Sandalwood pillar



Carvings on the outer walls, many of these include optical illusion carvings.
Optical illusion carvings



A hybrid depicting various aspects of vaasthu. Head of a lion, torso of a tortoise, legs of an elephant
& a variety of goodwill carvings
Vaastu carving


The rear portion of the Temple & the water well.

Temple well


Panoramic view facing the exit.
Exit



The ASI plaque.
ASI Plaque


And then it was time to leave... Which as always I didn't want to.. But had to. The Keladi Rameshwara temple is one of a kind & a must visit
Temple gate

The Darkest Chapter of Indian History : The plunder of Vijayanagara.

Presenting to you what unarguably was the most darkest phases of Indian history. Vijayanagara was the last bastion of Hindu resistance to ...

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